Henry XVI of Bavaria (1386 – 30 July 1450, in

Landshut Landshut (; bar, Landshuad) is a town in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also t ...

), (), since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut. He was a son of duke

Frederick Frederick may refer to: People * Frederick (given name), the name Nobility Anhalt-Harzgerode *Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Harzgerode (1613–1670) Austria * Frederick I, Duke of Austria (Babenberg), Duke of Austria from 1195 to 1198 * Frederick ...

and his wife

Maddalena Visconti Maddalena Visconti (1366 – 17 July 1404) was a daughter of Bernabò Visconti and his wife Beatrice Regina della Scala. Maddalena was Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut by her marriage to Frederick, Duke of Bavaria. Family Maddalena was born in Mila ...

, a daughter of

Bernabò Visconti Bernabò or Barnabò Visconti (1323 – 19 December 1385) was an Italian soldier and statesman who was Lord of Milan. Along with his brothers Matteo and Galeazzo II, he inherited the lordship of Milan from his uncle Giovanni. Later in 1355, he an ...

Life

Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes, who reigned Bavaria-Landshut in the 15th century. Their residence was

Trausnitz Castle Trausnitz Castle is a medieval castle situated in Landshut, Bavaria in Germany. It was the home of the Wittelsbach dynasty, and it served as their ducal residence for Lower Bavaria from 1255–1503, and later as the seat of the hereditary r ...

in Landshut, a fortification which attained enormous dimensions. Having inherited not only the black hair but also the despotic temperament of the

Visconti Visconti is a surname which may refer to: Italian noble families * Visconti of Milan, ruled Milan from 1277 to 1447 ** Visconti di Modrone, collateral branch of the Visconti of Milan * Visconti of Pisa and Sardinia, ruled Gallura in Sardinia from ...

, Henry oppressed very cruelly uprisings of the citizenry of Landshut in 1410 and fought successfully against his cousin Louis VII the Bearded, the duke of

Bavaria-Ingolstadt Bavaria-Ingolstadt ( or ') was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447. History After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen year ...

. He united Louis’ enemies in the

Parakeet Society The Parakeet Society was a union of the enemies of Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria, Louis VII the Bearded, duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt. It was founded on April 17, 1414 by his cousin, duke Henry XVI of Bavaria, Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut. The other mem ...

of 1414 and the League of Constance of 1415. While the duchy of

Bavaria-Straubing Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map (''illustration'') of these marches and outliers ...

was still divided between

Bavaria-Munich Bavaria-Munich (german: Bayern-München) was a duchy that was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1505. History After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria- ...

and Bavaria-Landshut after the extinction of the dukes of Straubing in 1429, Henry managed to receive the duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt almost completely in 1447. Henry died in 1450, it is not sure if the plague was the cause as sometimes reported. He was succeeded by his only surviving son Louis IX the Rich. Henry banished his wife to

Burghausen Castle Burghausen Castle in Burghausen, Upper Bavaria, is the longest castle complex in the world (1051 m), confirmed by the Guinness World Record company. History The castle hill was settled as early as the Bronze Age. The castle (which was found ...

to extend his freedom. His son and grandson took over this tradition, even though not all later marriages were that unhappy.

Family and children

He was married in Landshut 25 November 1412 to Margaret, daughter of Duke

Albert IV of Austria Albert IV of Austria (19 September 1377 – 14 September 1404) was a Duke of Austria. Biography He was born in Vienna, the son of Albert III of Austria and Beatrix of Nuremberg. He was the Duke of Austria from 1395 until 1404, which then ...

and

Joanna Sophia of Bavaria Joanna Sophia of Bavaria (c. 1373 – 15 November 1410) was the youngest daughter of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and his first wife Margaret of Brieg. She was a member of the House of Wittelsbach. On 13 June 1395, Joanna Sophia married Albert IV, ...

. Their children were: # Albert (1414, Burghausen – ca. 1418).. # Frederick (1415 – 7 June 1416, Burghausen). #

Louis IX Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the d ...

(23 February 1417, Burghausen – 18 January 1479, Landshut). # Joanna (1413 – 20 July 1444, Mosbach), married in Burghausen in 1430 to Count Palatine Otto I of Mosbach. # Elizabeth (1419 – 1 January 1451, Landshut), married in

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

1445 to

Ulrich V, Count of Württemberg Ulrich V of Württemberg called ''"der Vielgeliebte"'' (the much loved) (1413Detlev Schwennicke: ''Europaische Stammtafeln'', New Series, Vol. I/2, Tafel 256. – 1 September 1480, in Leonberg), Count of Württemberg. He was the younger son of Cou ...

. # Margaret (b. 1420), a nun at Seligental. He also had illegitimate children, including Georg von Zangberg, Elisabeth and Barbara. {{DEFAULTSORT:Henry 16, Duke of Bavaria 1386 births 1450 deaths 14th-century dukes of Bavaria 15th-century dukes of Bavaria House of Wittelsbach Medieval child rulers